Jul 31, 2012 occlusal trauma refers to the injury resulting in tissue changes within the attachment apparatus as a result of occlusal forces glossary of periodontal terms, 2001. Occlusal adjustment in the treatment of primary traumatic injury. Occlusal trauma can not be compared to orthodontic movement. Treatment of luxation injuries basic treatment principles include not repositioning deciduous teeth. All of the following are signs of occlusal trauma except. Trauma from occlusion an orthodontists perspective. Positioning relies on adjusting the scanned image of the occlusal aligner over the facial scan and then superimposing best fit the maxillary cast on the occlusal.
The 1989 workshop recognized that periodontitis had several distinct clinical presentations, different ages of onset and rates of progression. Some problems originate from a sleep disturbance arousals associated with sleep. Any software may be used for this, although in our daily practice we use exocad exocad gmbh, germany or nemo smiledesign3d nemotec, spain. The culprit of this type of histologically diagnosed lesion is the occlusal traumatism glossary of periodontal terms, 2001 or traumatogenic occlusion. Italiano english espanol today, intrauma is the second largest supplier of trauma devices in italy, and is rapidly expanding its international sales and marketing operations across the world. Occlusal trauma is the damage to teeth when an excessive force is acted upon them and they do not align properly when the jaws close, for instance during chewing or at rest, the relationship between the opposing teeth is referred to as occlusion. Secondary trauma from occlusion occurs when the adaptive capacity of the tissues to withstand occlusal forces is impaired by bone loss resulting from marginal inflammation. The hallmark of oral surgery advancements is in the area of reconstructive surgery following trauma. Occlusal trauma ucla international post doctoral training. Primary occlusal trauma will occur when there is a normal periodontal attachment apparatus and, thus, no periodontal disease.
In severe displacement, when the crown is dislocated in a labial direction, extraction is the treatment of choice. Many studies have been conducted with various and conflicting results on both primary and secondary forms. Significant associations were found between severe trauma crown fracture with pulp exposure, lateral luxation, intrusion and extrusion in the primary incisors and permanent successors crown alteration p0. This article is supported by wikiproject dentistry. On the other hand, occlusal trauma ot is defined as a noninfectious lesion that affects the inserting periodontium cementum, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone due to occlusal forces that exceed its adaptive capacity. How much adjustment is required is determined by using computerbased occlusal analysis. Occlusal adjustment in the treatment of primary traumatic injury raulino naves borges barbara morais arantes denise ferreira vieira orlando aguirre guedes carlos estrela abstract a major concern in dentistry is the correct distribution of occlusal forces to promote balance among the elements of the stomatognathic system. Occlusal trauma is a dental term that refers to the damage incurred when teeth are left in traumatic occlusion without proper treatment. In its generalized form, occlusal trauma is characterized by severe attrition, exposed dentin, sensitive teeth, and tooth mobility. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Traumatic occlusion is also called a bad bite in dentistry, and it is considered a disease requiring prompt treatment in this condition a persons teeth are not aligned properly. As the remnants of a once full complement of 16 lower teeth, these two teeth have been alone in opposing the forces associated with mastication for some time, as can be evidenced by the widened pdl surrounding the premolar. Some problems originate from a sleep disturbance arousals associated with sleep apnea which exaggerates the patients problems.
The result is loosening, tipping and movement of the teeth. When trauma, disease or dental treatment alters occlusion by changing the biting surface of any of the teeth, the teeth will come together. Occlusal trauma can be classified as primary or secondary see chapter 2. Top this article has been rated as topimportance on the projects importance scale. Occlusal splints, analysis and adjustment article pdf available in dental update 308. Functional loading of teeth, usually offaxis, that is of sufficient magnitude to induce changes to the teeth ex. Lidocaine xylocaine is an example of a local anesthetic which is chemically classified as an the most likely diagnosis for a child with a painful, fieryred, diffuse gingivitis is in an infrabony pocket, the epithelial attachment is located the location and extent of subgingival calculus is most accurately determined clinically by a 20 year old male presents with a threeday history of an. Headaches, facial pain, tmj occlusal dysfunction and sleep. The idiom red herring is used to refer to something that misleads or detracts from the actual or otherwise important issue.
The concept of developing restorative anatomical shapes or biodesigning occlusal schemes of crowns. Occlusal trauma can be acute if caused by external impact forces or chronic if caused by internal occlusal factors premature contacts, grinding. Any contact that inhibits the remaining occlusal surfaces from achieving stable and harmonious contacts. Clinical diagnosis of trauma from occlusion and its relation. Occlusal traumatism functional loading of teeth usually. The present method confirmed the effectiveness of the experimental model to examine the occlusal trauma on periodontal tissues produced by excessive occlusal load. Usually leave them alone or if very mobile and there is an inhalation risk.
Treating a patient with chronic periodontitis 1 clinical case. Sequellae to trauma uto the involved teeth external resorption internal resorption ankylosis loss of vitality root dilaceration, canal dystyrophic calcification uto succedaneous teeth damage to follicle timing critical hypoplasias, demineralization,etc. Occlusal adjustment in the treatment of primary traumatic. The signs and symptoms experienced by patients with occlusal trauma are mobility of teeth, pain on mastication, and periodontal disease. All of the following are signs of occlusal trauma except tooth mobility.
Primary occlusal trauma implies there has been no loss of the periodontal attachment gingival attachment fibers, periodontal ligament, or bone, and the teeth themselves are damaged by the excessive forces on them. In this case report, an 8yearold girl who was noticed to have intraoral swelling by her parents 2 days ago is reported. The mechanisms of tissue changes induced by occlusal trauma are in no way comparable to orthodontic movement. Occlusal trauma can not be compared to orthodontic. In the dental office, a red herring is a set of signs and symptoms which can confuse or obfuscate the diagnosis resulting in a course of treatment which does not address the patients chief concern.
Trauma from occlusion is considered the primary etiological factor, and the only local alteration to which a tooth is subjected is from occlusion. The effect of these forces on the periodontium is in. Primary occlusal trauma can cause gingival recession. In reality is there occlusal trauma without bruxism. A dentition undergoing primary occlusal trauma may exhibit isolated wear facets or more generalized severe attrition, in some cases exposing dentin. This type of adjustment is needed when there are loose or shifting teeth, severe grinding or clenching during sleep, and sensitivity to temperature. Occlusal trauma can be divided into 3 general categories. When there is more severe occlusal interference, the tooth can be gently repositioned by combined labial and palatal pressure after the use of local anesthesia.
Rehabilitation definition rehabilitation is a treatment or treatments designed to facilitate the process of recovery from injury, illness, or disease to as normal a condition as possible. Having the right facts and knowledge of occlusal trauma can help when dealing with questions about occlusions. Tissue damage associated with occlusal trauma can be divided into two types. Treating a patient with chronic periodontitis eduardo montero, david herrera. This is accomplished with the use of orthodontic wire 26 gauge to 32 gauge stainless steel and dental acrylics self curing and light cured. The periodontal attachment apparatus is the target for trauma and manifests clinical, radiographic, and histologic changes when excessive closing loads are placed on the attachment apparatus. Evaluation of bone loss due to primary occlusal trauma in. How is traumatic occlusion treated in dentistry dr. Association between trauma to primary incisors and crown alterations in permanent successors ovi dental. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sequelae in permanent teeth that had their predecessors traumatized and. It has become evident that excessive force on a tooth with normal periodontium can exist only in the presence of occlusal parafunction or.
Experimental model of occlusal trauma in mouse periodontal. All of the following are signs of occlusal trauma except quizzn. Treatment of periodontal abscess caused by occlusal trauma. These results showed that histopathological changes of periodontal tissues to excessive occlusal load were observed at the furcation area of molar teeth. Occlusal trauma definition of occlusal trauma by medical. The patient is encouraged to be active physically and mentally to the extent recommended by the health care team.
Occlusal trauma can be classified as primary or secondary. Clinical diagnosis of trauma from occlusion and its. Purpose the purpose of rehabilitation is to restore some or all of the patients physical, sensory, and mental capabilities that were lost due to injury, illness, or. Injury resulting from excessive occlusal forces applied to a tooth or teeth with normal support. A new classification scheme for periodontal and peri. Headaches, facial pain, tmj occlusal dysfunction and.
Occlusal trauma is defined as an injury resulting in tissue changes within the attachment apparatus as a result of occlusal forces applied to it. The way our upper and lower jaw fit together is known as occlusion. Mar 22, 2010 trauma from occlusion is considered the primary etiological factor, and the only local alteration to which a tooth is subjected is from occlusion. Abfractive lesions often accompany the development of wear facets andor attrition. There was a significant association between tooth mobility and gingival recession p pdf. The normal position of the alveolar crest in healthy periodontium is primary occlusal trauma can cause systemic antibiotics may be indicated for patients presenting with generalized a patient has been taking a systemic corticosteroid for 10 years. Proper food, medication, and hygiene and suitable exercise provide the physical basis for recovery.
Cirugia mucogingival, periodoncia, ortodoncia, tecnicas quirurgicas, recesion gingival, encia adherida. Feb 23, 2012 secondary trauma from occlusion it is related to situations in which occlusal forces cause damage in a periodontium of reduced height attachment loss present 14. All teeth present were evaluated for various abnormal occlusal contacts, signs of trauma from occlusion, and the severity of periodontitis. In both events the primary cause is of a physical nature, but the forces delivered to dental tissues exhibit completely different characteristics in terms of intensity, duration, direction, distribution, frequency and form of uptake by periodontal tissues. The first sentence definition seems a bit circular. Several studies have been conducted with the aim of understanding the cellular, molecular and genetic mechanisms involved in occlusal. Full occlusal protection theory and practice of occlusal. Common features of secondary occlusal trauma include drifting and tipping of the teeth in addition to marked mobility.
The goal of surgical correction is reestablishment of function with a minimum of discomfort. Evaluation of bone loss due to primary occlusal trauma in two. Occlusal trauma is defined as an injury to the attachment apparatus as a result of excessive occlusal force. Secondary trauma from occlusion it is related to situations in which occlusal forces cause damage in a periodontium of reduced height attachment loss present 14. Start this article has been rated as startclass on the projects quality scale. Pdf association of trauma from occlusion with localized. Combined tfo it is the injury that occurs to the periodontium resulting from abnormal occlusal forces that are applied to a tooth or teeth with abnormal periodontal support. Secondary occlusal trauma occurs when there has been some degree of periodontal attachment loss, and normal biting forces which were once tolerated by the gums, periodontal ligaments and bone are now too excessive for those structures to withstand.
These adjustments will aid in prevention of a future occlusal trauma. Oct 20, 2012 the relationship between trauma from occlusion and periodontal disease has long been a area of discussion. Occlusal trauma refers to the injury resulting in tissue changes within the attachment apparatus as a result of occlusal forces glossary of periodontal terms, 2001. Secondary occlusal trauma on xray film displays two lonestanding mandibular teeth, the lower left first premolar and canine. Secondary occlusal trauma, in turn, is the injury caused by excessive occlusal forces on a tooth or a group of teeth with reduced height of the periodontium1. Which skeletal disorder would the patient most likely have as a result of this medication. The relationship between trauma from occlusion and periodontal disease has long been a area of discussion. There was a significant association between tooth mobility and gingival recession p occlusal bite of the tooth will be adjusted. If you want to participate andor join, please visit the project page, or ask questions on the project talk page. Trauma from occlusion does not only affect periodontal tissues but can have deleterious effects on the pulpdentin complex, the occlusal surfaces of the teeth usually aggravating the problem with time, the temporomandibular joints and the neuromuscular system. Occlusal or bite adjustment is similar to occlusal equilibration.
Occlusal trauma is the overall process by which traumatic occlusion i. Explanations are useful to guide through learning process and confirm that the correct answer is indeed correct. Primary trauma occurs in teeth with a normal periodontal. Experts can help answer questions about occlusal trauma or occlusal trauma symptoms. Standardized periapical radiographs were also taken for each tooth. Clinical diagnosis of trauma from occlusion and its relation with severity of periodontitis. Over the years there has been endless discussion and debate on the topic of occlusal trauma in dentistry. Many headaches, migraines, facial pain and tmj problems have a neuromuscular origin caused by the trauma of a bad or illfunctioning bite over a period of time. Mar 06, 2018 when a patient exerts abnormally heavy biting forces on the teeth, stress cracks, chips and wear may result. Rehabilitation is an integral part of convalescence. It was diagnosed as a periodontal abscess caused by occlusal trauma.
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